One form of firewall attack involves wasting server-side resources by opening and holding open many connections to the same server. To prevent this type of attack, many administrators close firewall connections after a predetermined period of inactivity. The exact timeout varies and can be adjusted, but it's usually somewhere between 10 and 20 minutes for an HTTP connection.
Unfortunately, this form of intrusion defense can cause problems for Exchange Server ActiveSync's direct push technology.
Exchange Server listens for a ping from every mobile device that's connecting to it via ActiveSync direct push, and uses a default of nine minutes for this interval. Some firewalls or proxies will close an inactive HTTP connection after less time than that, which means that the mobile device won't get a response back from the Exchange server.
There are two ways to get around this problem if your firewall or proxy is forcing HTTP connections to time out prematurely.
First, you can change the timeout value on the firewall or proxy. This will vary between makes and models of firewalls/proxies, of course, but there is almost always a way to do this.
If it isn't possible or practical to change the timeout value, the Exchange 2003 server handling ActiveSync connections can be configured to use different heartbeat intervals:
- Open the registry on the computer hosting Exchange Server and navigate to the key HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Services\MasSync\Parameters.
- Add two DWORD values: MinHeartbeatInterval and MaxHeartbeatInterval.
Both values are calibrated in seconds, and the defaults are 60 and 2700, respectively. The latter value should be set to just below the HTTP timeout threshold, and the former can be anywhere from 1 to MaxHeartbeatInterval. If you want to revert to the default hard-coded values, simply delete these keys.
- Restart the IIS Admin Service to make the changes take effect.
About the author: Serdar Yegulalp is editor of the Windows Power Users Newsletter.
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Related information from SearchExchange.com:
Tip: Why HTTP can hurt Exchange ActiveSync attachments
Tip: The Exchange Server ActiveSync Web Administration Tool
Tip: Exchange ActiveSync and front-end DNS aliases
Reference Center: Exchange Server mobile and wireless tips
Reference Center: Exchange Server firewall tips and resources
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